Techno-Economic Evaluation of a Stand-Alone Power System Based on Solar/Battery for a Base Station of Global System Mobile Communication
نویسنده
چکیده
Energy consumption in cellular networks is receiving significant attention from academia and the industry due to its significant potential economic and ecological influence. Energy efficiency and renewable energy are the main pillars of sustainability and environmental compatibility. Technological advancements and cost reduction for photovoltaics are making cellular base stations (BSs; a key source of energy consumption in cellular networks) powered by solar energy sources a long-term promising solution for the mobile cellular network industry. This paper addresses issues of deployment and operation of two solar-powered global system for mobile communications (GSM) BSs that are being deployed at present (GSM BS 2/2/2 and GSM BS 4/4/4). The study is based on the characteristics of South Korean solar radiation exposure. The optimum criteria as well as economic and technical feasibility for various BSs are analyzed using a hybrid optimization model for electric renewables. In addition, initial capital, replacement, operations, maintenance, and total net present costs for various solar-powered BSs are discussed. Furthermore, the economic feasibility of the proposed solar system is compared with conventional energy sources in urban and remote areas.
منابع مشابه
Techno-economic Optimization of a Stand-alone Photovoltaic-battery Renewable Energy System for Low Load Factor Situation- a Comparison between Optimization Algorithms
For remote places having less-strong wind, single resources based renewable energy system (RES) with battery storage can sustainably and economically generate electrical energy. There is hardly any literature on optimal sizing of such RES for very low load demand situation. The objective of this study is to techno-economically optimize the system design of a Photovoltaic (PV)-battery storage RE...
متن کاملDesign and Development of Stand-Alone Renewable Energy based Hybrid Power System for Remote Base Transceiver Station
Due to the increasing number of mobile users, there is a huge demand of Base Transceiver Station (BTS) particularly in rural and semi urban areas. These BTS are operated on diesel generator (DG) and also connected with the existing grid supply. However, the grid supply is rarely available in most of the remote locations. Therefore, diesel generators are mainly used for providing the continuous ...
متن کاملEnergy Management Strategy of Stand-alone Photovoltaic System in Cathodic Protection Pipeline
In this paper, the stand-alone photovoltaic system for cathodic protection of underground pipelines is presented. The proposed system offers continuous and automatic adjustment of the applied voltage so that the buried pipelines receive the exact current. A modified perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is used to improve dynamic and steady state performa...
متن کاملModeling and sizing optimization of hybrid photovoltaic/wind power generation system
The rapid industrialization and growth of world’s human population have resulted in the unprecedented increase in the demand for energy and in particular electricity. Depletion of fossil fuels and impacts of global warming caused widespread attention using renewable energy sources, especially wind and solar energies. Energy security under varying weather conditions and the corresponding system ...
متن کاملOptimizing Design of Stand-alone Hybrid Solar Micro-CHP Systems Using LUS Based Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Utilizing the combined cooling, heating and power generation (CHP) systems to produce cooling, heat and electricity is growing rapidly due to their high efficiency and low emissions in commercial and industrial applications. In conventional CHP systems the deficit of the system power can be purchased from the grid. However, this system cannot be used as the standalone application. The hybrid so...
متن کامل